ABSTRACT
AIM@#To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Polygala sibirica L. (Polygalaceae)@*METHOD@#The isolation was performed by solvent extraction and various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, semi-preparative HPLC, and preparative TLC. The chemical structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HR-ESI-MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data.@*RESULTS@#A total of sixteen compounds, including five xanthones (5, 7-10), five saccharide esters (1, 3, 4, 12, 13), two flavonoids (14, 16), two triterpenoids (11, 15), one phenylpropanoid (6), and one benzophenone glycoside (2) were isolated. Their structures were determined as sibiricose A7 (1), sibiriphenone A (2), polygalatenoside A (3), polygalatenoside C (4), lancerin (5), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (6), 6-hydroxy-1, 2, 3, 7-tetramethoxyxanthone (7), 1, 3, 7-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone (8), onjixanthone II (9), 1, 2, 3, 6, 7-pentamethoxyxanthone (10), presenegenin (11), 3'-O-3, 4, 5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-6-O-4-methoxy benzoyl sucrose (12), tenuifoliside C (13), 5, 3'-dihydroxy-7, 4'-dimethoxyflavonol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), tenuifolin (15), and rhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (16).@*CONCLUSION@#Compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds from P. sibirica.
Subject(s)
Benzophenones , Chemistry , Coumaric Acids , Chemistry , Glucosides , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Polygala , Chemistry , Triterpenes , Chemistry , Xanthones , ChemistryABSTRACT
A phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of a Tibetan medicine Meconopsis horridula, by solvent extraction, repeated chromatographies on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative TLC techniques, led to the isolation of 9 compounds. By spectroscopic analysis and comparison of its 1H and 13C-NMR data with those in literatures, their structures were identified as oleracein E(1), N-( trans-p-coumaroyl) tyramine (2), chrysoeriol (3), apigenin (4), hydnocarpin (5), p-coumaric acid glucosyl ester (6), stigmast-5-ene-3beta-ylformate (7), 3beta-hydroxy-7alpha-ethoxy-24beta-ethylcholest-5-ene (8), and beta-sitosterol (9), respectively, among which compounds 6-8 were isolated from the genus for the first time,and 1,3 were isolated from the species for the first time. A MTT method was applied to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of compounds 14 against the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2), and compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2,with its inhibitory rate of 52.2% at 10 micromol x L(-1).
Subject(s)
Medicine, Tibetan Traditional , Molecular Structure , Papaveraceae , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
A phytochemical investigation on the roots and stems of Litsea cubeba led to the isolation of seven isoquinolone alkaloids. By spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their 1H and 13C-NMR data with those in literatures, these alkaloids were identified as (+)-norboldine (1), (+)-boldine (2), (+)-reticuline (3), (+)-laurotetanine (4), (+)-isoboldine (5), (+)-N-methyl-laurotetanine (6), and berberine (7), respectively. Among them, 7 was isolated from the genus for the first time. The evaluation of these compounds showed weak anti-inflammatory activity against NO production in RAW 267.4 and BV-2 cells.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Litsea , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Plant Stems , Chemistry , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
Litsea cubeba is one of aromatic medicinal plant belonging to family Lauraceae. The roots, stems and fruits of L. cubeba have been widely applied as folk medicines in some districts in China for relieving rheumatism and cold, regulating Qi (meridian) to alleviate pain. Previous studies revealed that this species contains major alkaloids, in specific aporphines, and minor flavonoids, lignans as well. Related pharmacological investigations demonstrated its activities and clinical applications on cardiovascular diseases, anti-cancer, against rheumatoid arthritis, relieving asthma and anti-allergic effects, as anti-oxidants, and so on. As an effort for further exploration of this bioactive ingredients and potential drug development, this paper summarizes most phytochemical and pharmacological results. Further, future prospects are also included.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Drug Therapy , Litsea , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , ChemistryABSTRACT
Ypsilandra thibetica belongs to the family Liliaceae. Its whole plant has the medicinal functions of heat-clearing and detoxifying, relieving congestion and other effects, and is used as the folk medicine to cure scrofula, dysuria embolism and other symptoms. Previous chemical studies revealed that its major and active ingredient is steroidal saponin. Up to now, more than fifty steroidal saponins, mainly composed of spirostan and furostanol types, have been described. Pharmacological and clinical studies have demonstrated that Y. thibetica has anti-tumor, uterine contractions, hemostatic and antibacterial activities, in particular for the treatment of a variety of gynecological hemorrhagic diseases. In an effort to provide references for the advanced research and development of this species, this paper summarized the research progress on its pharmacognosy, including botany and authentication, its isolated secondary metabolites, biological activities and pharmacological applications. In addition, some advantages of this species which could be potentially used as a substitute for Paridis Rhizoma, one of ingredients of the well-known drug "Yunnan Baiyao", together with the future prospect are also briefly included.